{"id":196,"date":"2012-03-12T00:26:43","date_gmt":"2012-03-11T23:26:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/?p=196"},"modified":"2014-03-10T16:38:54","modified_gmt":"2014-03-10T15:38:54","slug":"ett-kulturellt-sprang-framat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/?p=196","title":{"rendered":"Ett kulturellt spr\u00e5ng fram\u00e5t?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I oktober 2011 h\u00f6ll kommunistpartiets 17:e centralkommitt\u00e9 sitt sj\u00e4tte plenum (\u5341\u4e03\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a). Den stora fr\u00e5gan som behandlades var en satsning p\u00e5 kultur och ett beslut togs om att <a href=\"http:\/\/justrecently.wordpress.com\/2011\/10\/27\/17th-central-committee-6th-plenary-session-culture-document-published\/\" target=\"_blank\">&#8221;fr\u00e4mja en stor kulturell utveckling och blomstring&#8221;<\/a> (<a href=\"http:\/\/news.xinhuanet.com\/politics\/2011-10\/25\/c_122197737.htm\" target=\"_blank\">\u63a8\u52a8\u6587\u5316\u5927\u53d1\u5c55\u5927\u7e41\u8363<\/a>). I januari 2012 publicerade Hu Jintao (\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b) en <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gov.cn\/ldhd\/2012-01\/01\/content_2035250.htm\" target=\"_blank\">artikel<\/a> p\u00e5 samma tema i partiets teoretiska tidskrift <em>Qiushi<\/em>\u00a0(\u6c42\u662f &#8221;S\u00f6k sanningen&#8221;, tidigare <em>R\u00f6da fanan <\/em>\u7ea2\u65d7).<\/p>\n<p>Hu Jintao s\u00e4ger att &#8221;vi m\u00e5ste se klart hur fientliga internationella krafter just nu intensifierar sina planer p\u00e5 att v\u00e4sternisera och dela upp Kina. De ideologiska och kulturella omr\u00e5dena \u00e4r fokus f\u00f6r deras l\u00e5ngsiktiga infiltration&#8221; (\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6e05\u9192\u5730\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u654c\u5bf9\u52bf\u529b\u6b63\u5728\u52a0\u7d27\u5bf9\u6211\u56fd\u5b9e\u65bd\u897f\u5316\u3001\u5206\u5316\u6218\u7565\u56fe\u8c0b\uff0c\u601d\u60f3\u6587\u5316\u9886\u57df\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u957f\u671f\u6e17\u900f\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u9886\u57df). Det l\u00e5nga dokumentet fr\u00e5n oktober 2011 beskriver \u00f6nskem\u00e5l, planer och f\u00f6rv\u00e4ntningar inom en m\u00e4ngd kulturomr\u00e5den och man ber\u00f6r ocks\u00e5 den &#8221;h\u00e4lsosamma och progressiva Internet-kultur&#8221; (\u5065\u5eb7\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6587\u5316) man vill skapa. Vidare skrivs om hur &#8221;statens kulturella soft power&#8221; (\u56fd\u5bb6\u6587\u5316\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b) ska st\u00e4rkas och bli till &#8221;en stark andlig kraft&#8221; (\u5f3a\u5927\u7cbe\u795e\u529b\u91cf) f\u00f6r att fr\u00e4mja utvecklandet av ett harmoniskt samh\u00e4lle. Ut\u00f6vare inom alla kulturformer uppmanas att &#8221;aktivt kasta sig in i kulturellt kreativa aktiviteter f\u00f6r att sjunga tidens och folkets lov&#8221; (\u79ef\u6781\u6295\u8eab\u5230\u8bb4\u6b4c\u65f6\u4ee3\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u6587\u827a\u521b\u9020\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e2d). Man utg\u00e5r ocks\u00e5 ifr\u00e5n att &#8221;kinesisk kultur&#8221; \u00e4r sammanh\u00e5llen och enhetlig och speglar &#8221;den kinesiska nationen&#8221; (\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_645\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-645\" style=\"width: 587px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/TangZhigang.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-645\" alt=\"M\u00e5lning av Tang Zhigang (\u5510\u5fd7\u521a, f. 1959) ur serien &quot;Kinesiska sagor&quot; (\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ae5\u8bdd)\" src=\"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/TangZhigang.jpg\" width=\"587\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/TangZhigang.jpg 587w, https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/TangZhigang-300x255.jpg 300w, https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/TangZhigang-352x300.jpg 352w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 587px) 100vw, 587px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-645\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">M\u00e5lning av Tang Zhigang (\u5510\u5fd7\u521a, f. 1959) ur serien &#8221;Kinesiska sagor&#8221; (\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ae5\u8bdd)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Det h\u00e4r l\u00e5ter bitvis mycket likt Mao Zedongs tal om kultur i Yan&#8217;an (\u5ef6\u5b89) 1942. Mao menade att &#8221;vi m\u00e5ste ocks\u00e5 ha en kulturell arm\u00e9, vilken \u00e4r en n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndighet f\u00f6r att ena v\u00e5ra led och f\u00f6r att besegra fienden&#8221; (\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8981\u6709\u6587\u5316\u7684\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e2\u7ed3\u81ea\u5df1\u3001\u6218\u80dc\u654c\u4eba\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u652f\u519b\u961f). Men hur ska detta g\u00e5 till? Vem ska st\u00e4lla upp p\u00e5 detta? Satsningarna i Kina har uppm\u00e4rksammats av <a href=\"http:\/\/www.kulturanalys.se\" target=\"_blank\">Myndigheten f\u00f6r kulturanalys<\/a> och n\u00e4mns i den <a href=\"http:\/\/www.kulturanalys.se\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/Kulturanalys-2012.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">f\u00e4rska rapport<\/a> som nyligen lagts fram till regeringen. Men kan man\u00a0kommendera fram kreativitet?<\/p>\n<p>Den nya politiken har dock m\u00f6tt motst\u00e5nd. Den k\u00e4nde f\u00f6rfattaren och konstn\u00e4ren <a href=\"http:\/\/fengjicai.artron.net\" target=\"_blank\">Feng Jicai<\/a> (\u51af\u9aa5\u624d, f. 1942) <a href=\"http:\/\/203.86.76.53\/epaper\/uniflows\/html\/2012\/03\/12\/08\/08_85.htm\" target=\"_blank\">liknade h\u00e4romdagen hela satsningen<\/a>\u00a0vid &#8221;det stora spr\u00e5nget fram\u00e5t&#8221; (\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb), den f\u00f6r\u00f6dande kampanj 1958-1961 d\u00e5 folkkommuner (\u4eba\u6c11\u516c\u793e) inf\u00f6rdes och &#8221;bakg\u00e5rdsugnar&#8221; (\u571f\u6cd5\u70bc\u94a2\u7089) skulle producera st\u00e5l. Feng menade att det \u00e4r stor risk att det hela blir ett &#8221;tomt skal&#8221; (\u7a7a\u58f3). Kloka ord av en man som \u00e4r vice ordf\u00f6rande i <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cflac.org.cn\" target=\"_blank\">China Federation of Literary and Art Circles<\/a>\u00a0(\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u827a\u672f\u754c\u8054\u5408\u4f1a), paraplyorganet f\u00f6r alla organiserade f\u00f6rfattare, musiker, filmare och konstn\u00e4rer i Kina. Kulturen i Kina sjuder av kreativitet helt utan partiets p\u00e5bud.<\/p>\n<p><em>On Chinese cultural policy, fear of Western &#8221;cultural and ideological infiltration&#8221; and decisions to &#8221;promote a great cultural development and prosperity&#8221;. Can culture be commanded and creativity ordered?\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u63a8\u52a8\u6587\u5316\u5927\u53d1\u5c55\u5927\u7e41\u8363\u201d\u5927\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3002\u6709\u6ca1\u6709&#8221;\u56fd\u9645\u654c\u5bf9\u52bf\u529b\u2026\u5b9e\u65bd\u897f\u5316&#8221;\uff1f\u4e0a\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee4\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u521b\u9020\u529b\uff1f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I oktober 2011 h\u00f6ll kommunistpartiets 17:e centralkommitt\u00e9 sitt sj\u00e4tte plenum (\u5341\u4e03\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a). Den stora fr\u00e5gan som behandlades var en satsning p\u00e5 kultur och ett beslut togs om att &#8221;fr\u00e4mja en stor kulturell utveckling och blomstring&#8221; (\u63a8\u52a8\u6587\u5316\u5927\u53d1\u5c55\u5927\u7e41\u8363). I januari 2012 publicerade Hu Jintao (\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b) en artikel p\u00e5 samma tema i partiets teoretiska tidskrift Qiushi\u00a0(\u6c42\u662f &#8221;S\u00f6k sanningen&#8221;, tidigare &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/?p=196\" class=\"more-link\">Forts\u00e4tt l\u00e4sa<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> \u201dEtt kulturellt spr\u00e5ng fram\u00e5t?\u201d<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-196","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kinafunderingar"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p2crM2-3a","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/196"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=196"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/196\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":646,"href":"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/196\/revisions\/646"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=196"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=196"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/boke.fallmankonsult.se\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=196"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}